Sequences related to our isolates comprised 4.95% of skin microbial communities, and those related to strains OX14 and GL7 respectively comprised 1.60% and 0.17% of the skin microbiome. psychrophilum KU190628-78 and NCIMB 1947 T, and produced antagonistic compounds of < 3 kDa in size. GL7 respectively inhibited the growth of F.

By using multiple culture media, we obtained 174 isolates spanning 18 genera. Here, we combined cultivation with 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing to obtain insight into the skin microbiome of the rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss) and searched for skin bacteria antagonistic to F. For example, increasing the abundance of specific antagonistic bacteria against pathogens in fish skin might be effective to prevent fish disease. Manipulation of the microbiome of skin, which is a primary infection gate for pathogens, could be a novel countermeasure. In spite of its importance, an effective vaccine is not still available.

Rainbow trout fry syndrome (RTFS) and bacterial coldwater disease (BCWD) is a globally distributed freshwater fish disease caused by Flavobacterium psychrophilum.

Skin trout